1999 Netherlands Antilles island council elections: Difference between revisions
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'''Island council elections''' were held in the [[Netherlands Antilles]] on 7 May ([[Curaçao]], [[Saba]] and [[Sint Eustatius]]) and 21 May 1999 ([[Sint Maarten]]) to elect the members of the [[Island council (Netherlands Antilles)|island councils]] of its five [[Island territories of the Netherlands Antilles|island territories]]. The election was won by the [[Party for the Restructured Antilles]] (5 seats) in Curaçao, the [[Windward Islands People's Movement]] (4 seats) in Saba, the [[Sint Eustatius Alliance]] (3 seats) in Sint Eustatius, and the [[Democratic Party Sint Maarten|Democratic Party]] (7 seats) in Sint Maarten.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Vries|first=Guido de|date=10 May 1999|title=Curaçao kiest voor een zachte hand|url=http://retro.nrc.nl/W2/Nieuws/1999/05/10/Vp/05.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007135247/http://retro.nrc.nl/W2/Nieuws/1999/05/10/Vp/05.html|archive-date=7 October 2014|access-date=4 March 2021|website=[[NRC Handelsblad]]}}</ref> |
'''Island council elections''' were held in the [[Netherlands Antilles]] on 7 May ([[Curaçao]], [[Saba]] and [[Sint Eustatius]]) and 21 May 1999 ([[Sint Maarten]]) to elect the members of the [[Island council (Netherlands Antilles)|island councils]] of its five [[Island territories of the Netherlands Antilles|island territories]]. The election was won by the [[Party for the Restructured Antilles]] (5 seats) in Curaçao, the [[Windward Islands People's Movement]] (4 seats) in Saba, the [[Sint Eustatius Alliance]] (3 seats) in Sint Eustatius, and the [[Democratic Party Sint Maarten|Democratic Party]] (7 seats) in Sint Maarten.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Vries|first=Guido de|date=10 May 1999|title=Curaçao kiest voor een zachte hand|url=http://retro.nrc.nl/W2/Nieuws/1999/05/10/Vp/05.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141007135247/http://retro.nrc.nl/W2/Nieuws/1999/05/10/Vp/05.html|archive-date=7 October 2014|access-date=4 March 2021|website=[[NRC Handelsblad]]}}</ref> |
||
== |
==Results== |
||
=== |
===Bonaire=== |
||
{{Election results |
|||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right" |
|||
|party1=[[Bonaire Patriotic Union]]|votes1=|seats1=4|sc1=+2 |
|||
!Party |
|||
|party2=[[Bonaire Democratic Party]]|votes2=|seats2=4|sc2=–1 |
|||
!Votes |
|||
|party3=Other parties|votes3=|seats3=1|sc3=–1 |
|||
!% |
|||
|invalid= |
|||
!Seats |
|||
|total_sc=0 |
|||
!+/– |
|||
|electorate= |
|||
|- |
|||
|source=NU.nl,<ref>{{cite web|date=10 May 2003|title=Omstreden arbeiderspartij wint verkiezingen Curaçao|url=https://www.nu.nl/algemeen/145164/omstreden-arbeiderspartij-wint-verkiezingen-curaao.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.is/7ZJuL|archive-date=3 March 2021|access-date=3 March 2021|website=[[NU.nl]]|language=nl-NL}}</ref> Het Parool<ref name="Bonaire">{{cite news|date=10 April 1995|title=Winst democraten eilandraad Bonaire|language=nl|page=2|work=[[Het Parool]]|publisher=Delpher|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010842094:mpeg21:a0040|access-date=21 May 2021}}</ref> |
|||
| align="left" |[[Bonaire Patriotic Union]] |
|||
}} |
|||
|{{Data missing|?|date=March 2021}} |
|||
|{{Data missing|?|date=March 2021}} |
|||
|4 |
|||
| +2 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Bonaire Democratic Party]] |
|||
|{{Data missing|?|date=March 2021}} |
|||
|{{Data missing|?|date=March 2021}} |
|||
|4 |
|||
|–1 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |''Other parties'' |
|||
|{{Data missing|?|date=March 2021}} |
|||
|{{Data missing|?|date=March 2021}} |
|||
|1 |
|||
|–1 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |Invalid/blank votes |
|||
| |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |'''Total''' |
|||
| |
|||
|'''100''' |
|||
|'''9''' |
|||
|'''0''' |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |Registered voters/turnout |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="5" align="left" |Source: NU.nl,<ref>{{cite web|date=10 May 2003|title=Omstreden arbeiderspartij wint verkiezingen Curaçao|url=https://www.nu.nl/algemeen/145164/omstreden-arbeiderspartij-wint-verkiezingen-curaao.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.is/7ZJuL|archive-date=3 March 2021|access-date=3 March 2021|website=[[NU.nl]]|language=nl-NL}}</ref> Het Parool<ref name="Bonaire">{{cite news|date=10 April 1995|title=Winst democraten eilandraad Bonaire|language=nl|page=2|work=[[Het Parool]]|publisher=Delpher|url=https://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ABCDDD:010842094:mpeg21:a0040|access-date=21 May 2021}}</ref> |
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|} |
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=== |
===Curaçao=== |
||
{{Election results |
|||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right" |
|||
|party1=[[Real Alternative Party|Party for the Restructured Antilles]]|votes1=15948|seats1=5|sc1=–3 |
|||
!Party |
|||
|party2=[[National People's Party (Curaçao)|National People's Party ]]|votes2=15616|seats2=5|sc2=+1 |
|||
!Votes |
|||
|party3=[[Workers' Liberation Front (Curaçao)|Workers' Liberation Front ]]|votes3=12631|seats3=4|sc3=+2 |
|||
!% |
|||
|party4=[[People's Crusade Labour Party]]|votes4=11938|seats4=4|sc4=New |
|||
!Seats |
|||
|party5=[[Partido MAN|New Antilles Movement]]|votes5=6851|seats5=2|sc5=–4 |
|||
!+/– |
|||
|party6=[[Organisashon pa Restorashon di Un i Tur]]|votes6=3739|seats6=1|sc6=New |
|||
|- |
|||
|party7=[[Democratic Party (Curaçao)|Democratic Party ]]|votes7=2931|seats7=0|sc7=–1 |
|||
| align="left" |[[Party for the Restructured Antilles]] (PAR) |
|||
|party8=[[Nos Patria]]|votes8=909|seats8=0|sc8=0 |
|||
|15,948 |
|||
|invalid= |
|||
|22.60 |
|||
|total_sc=0 |
|||
|5 |
|||
|electorate=124572 |
|||
|–3 |
|||
|source=Hoofdstembureau Curaçao,<ref>{{cite web|title=Eerdere verkiezingen|url=http://www.kse.cw/eerdere.html|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811030859/http://www.kse.cw/eerdere.html|archivedate=11 August 2014|accessdate=8 February 2015|website=Hoofdstembureau Curaçao|language=nl}}</ref> NRC Handelsblad<ref>{{Cite web|last=Vries|first=Guido de|date=7 May 1999|title=Curaçao naar de stembus: voor of tegen de premier|url=https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/1999/05/07/curacao-naar-de-stembus-voor-of-tegen-de-premier-7446167-a233438|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|access-date=5 March 2021|website=[[NRC Handelsblad]]|language=nl-NL}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|||
}} |
|||
| align="left" |[[National People's Party (Curaçao)|National People's Party]] (PNP) |
|||
|15,616 |
|||
|22.13 |
|||
|5 |
|||
| +1 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Workers' Liberation Front (Curaçao)|Workers' Liberation Front]] (FOL) |
|||
|12,631 |
|||
|17.90 |
|||
|4 |
|||
| +2 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[People's Crusade Labour Party]] (PLKP) |
|||
|11,938 |
|||
|16.92 |
|||
|4 |
|||
|New |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Partido MAN|New Antilles Movement]] (MAN) |
|||
|6,851 |
|||
|9.71 |
|||
|2 |
|||
|–4 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Organisashon pa Restorashon di Un i Tur]] (ORDU) |
|||
|3,739 |
|||
|5.30 |
|||
|1 |
|||
|New |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Democratic Party (Curaçao)|Democratic Party]] (DP) |
|||
|2,931 |
|||
|4.15 |
|||
|0 |
|||
|–1 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Nos Patria]] (NP) |
|||
|909 |
|||
|1.29 |
|||
|0 |
|||
|0 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |Invalid/blank votes |
|||
| |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |'''Total''' |
|||
|'''70,563''' |
|||
|'''100''' |
|||
|'''21''' |
|||
|'''0''' |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |Registered voters/turnout |
|||
|124,572 |
|||
|56.64 |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="5" align="left" |Source: Hoofdstembureau Curaçao,<ref>{{cite web|title=Eerdere verkiezingen|url=http://www.kse.cw/eerdere.html|url-status=live|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811030859/http://www.kse.cw/eerdere.html|archivedate=11 August 2014|accessdate=8 February 2015|website=Hoofdstembureau Curaçao|language=nl}}</ref> NRC Handelsblad<ref>{{Cite web|last=Vries|first=Guido de|date=7 May 1999|title=Curaçao naar de stembus: voor of tegen de premier|url=https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/1999/05/07/curacao-naar-de-stembus-voor-of-tegen-de-premier-7446167-a233438|url-access=subscription|url-status=live|access-date=5 March 2021|website=[[NRC Handelsblad]]|language=nl-NL}}</ref> |
|||
|} |
|||
=== |
===Saba=== |
||
{{Election results |
|||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right" |
|||
|party1=[[Windward Islands People's Movement]]|votes1=400|seats1=4|sc1=+2 |
|||
!Party |
|||
|party2=[[Saba Labour Party]]|votes2=126|seats2=1|sc2=New |
|||
!Votes |
|||
|party3=Democratic Party of Saba|votes3=40|seats3=0|sc3=New |
|||
!% |
|||
|invalid= |
|||
!Seats |
|||
|total_sc=0 |
|||
!+/– |
|||
|electorate= |
|||
|- |
|||
|source=FindRecord.ru,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Saba|url=http://findrecord.ru/nl/saba/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224624/http://findrecord.ru/nl/saba/|archive-date=3 March 2016|access-date=4 March 2021|website=FindRecord.ru}}</ref> Lynch & Lynch<ref name="Lynch">{{cite book|last1=Lynch|first1=Edgar H.|title=Know Your Political History|last2=Lynch|first2=Julian C.|date=1999|publisher=House of Nehesi Publ.|isbn=0913441325|edition=Rev.|location=Philipsburg, St. Martin|pages=194}}</ref> |
|||
| align="left" |[[Windward Islands People's Movement]] |
|||
}} |
|||
|400 |
|||
|70.67 |
|||
|4 |
|||
| +2 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Saba Labour Party]] |
|||
|126 |
|||
|22.26 |
|||
|1 |
|||
|New |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Democratic Party of Saba]] |
|||
|40 |
|||
|7.07 |
|||
|0 |
|||
|0 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |Invalid/blank votes |
|||
| |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |'''Total''' |
|||
|'''566''' |
|||
|'''100''' |
|||
|'''5''' |
|||
|'''0''' |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |Registered voters/turnout |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="5" align="left" |Source: FindRecord.ru,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Saba|url=http://findrecord.ru/nl/saba/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303224624/http://findrecord.ru/nl/saba/|archive-date=3 March 2016|access-date=4 March 2021|website=FindRecord.ru}}</ref> Lynch & Lynch<ref name="Lynch">{{cite book|last1=Lynch|first1=Edgar H.|title=Know Your Political History|last2=Lynch|first2=Julian C.|date=1999|publisher=House of Nehesi Publ.|isbn=0913441325|edition=Rev.|location=Philipsburg, St. Martin|pages=194}}</ref> |
|||
|} |
|||
=== Sint Eustatius === |
=== Sint Eustatius === |
||
{{Election results |
|||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right" |
|||
|party1=[[Sint Eustatius Alliance]]|votes1=541|seats1=3|sc1=+1 |
|||
!Party |
|||
|party2=[[Democratic Party (Sint Eustatius)|Democratic Party]]|votes2=452|seats2=2|sc2=–1 |
|||
!Votes |
|||
|party3=St. Eustatius Action Movement|votes3=100|seats3=0|sc3=0 |
|||
!% |
|||
|invalid= |
|||
!Seats |
|||
|total_sc=0 |
|||
!+/– |
|||
|electorate= |
|||
|- |
|||
|source=Lynch & Lynch<ref name="Lynch2">{{cite book|last1=Lynch|first1=Edgar H.|title=Know Your Political History|last2=Lynch|first2=Julian C.|date=1999|publisher=House of Nehesi Publ.|isbn=0913441325|edition=Rev.|location=Philipsburg, St. Martin|pages=195}}</ref> |
|||
| align="left" |[[Sint Eustatius Alliance]] |
|||
}} |
|||
|541 |
|||
|49.50 |
|||
|3 |
|||
| +1 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Democratic Party (Sint Eustatius)|Democratic Party]] |
|||
|452 |
|||
|41.35 |
|||
|2 |
|||
|–1 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[St. Eustatius Action Movement]] |
|||
|100 |
|||
|9.15 |
|||
|0 |
|||
|0 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |Invalid/blank votes |
|||
| |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |'''Total''' |
|||
|'''1,093''' |
|||
|'''100''' |
|||
|'''5''' |
|||
|'''0''' |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |Registered voters/turnout |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="5" align="left" |Source: Lynch & Lynch<ref name="Lynch2">{{cite book|last1=Lynch|first1=Edgar H.|title=Know Your Political History|last2=Lynch|first2=Julian C.|date=1999|publisher=House of Nehesi Publ.|isbn=0913441325|edition=Rev.|location=Philipsburg, St. Martin|pages=195}}</ref> |
|||
|} |
|||
=== |
===Sint Maarten=== |
||
{{Election results |
|||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right" |
|||
|party1=[[Democratic Party Sint Maarten|Democratic Party]]|votes1=5601|seats1=7|sc1=+2 |
|||
!Party |
|||
|party2=[[Sint Maarten Patriotic Alliance]]|votes2=2862|seats2=3|sc2=–2 |
|||
!Votes |
|||
|party3=[[National Progressive Party (Sint Maarten)|National Progressive Party]]|votes3=1259|seats3=1|sc3=New |
|||
!% |
|||
|party4=[[Serious Alternative People's Party]]|votes4=423|seats4=0|sc4=–1 |
|||
!Seats |
|||
|party5=Decision 1999|votes5=76|seats5=0|sc5=New |
|||
!+/– |
|||
|party6=PRLP|votes6=64|seats6=0|sc6=New |
|||
|- |
|||
| |
|party7=[[National Democratic Party (Sint Maarten)|St. Maarten Liberation Movement]]|votes7=7|seats7=0|sc7=New |
||
|invalid= |
|||
|5,601 |
|||
|total_sc=0 |
|||
|54.42 |
|||
|electorate= |
|||
|7 |
|||
|source=CaribTourism.net,<ref>{{Cite web|title=History of Sint Maarten|url=http://caribtourism.net/sint-maarten/history/1355.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812203809/http://caribtourism.net/sint-maarten/history/1355.html|archive-date=12 August 2014|access-date=4 March 2021|website=CaribTourism.net}}</ref> Lynch & Lynch<ref name="Lynch3">{{cite book|last1=Lynch|first1=Edgar H.|title=Know Your Political History|last2=Lynch|first2=Julian C.|date=1999|publisher=House of Nehesi Publ.|isbn=0913441325|edition=Rev.|location=Philipsburg, St. Martin|pages=191-193}}</ref> |
|||
| +2 |
|||
}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Sint Maarten Patriotic Alliance]] |
|||
|2,862 |
|||
|27.81 |
|||
|3 |
|||
|–2 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[National Progressive Party (Sint Maarten)|National Progressive Party]] |
|||
|1,259 |
|||
|1,259 |
|||
|1 |
|||
|New |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Serious Alternative People's Party]] |
|||
|423 |
|||
|4.11 |
|||
|0 |
|||
|–1 |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[Decision 1999]] |
|||
|76 |
|||
|0.74 |
|||
|0 |
|||
|New |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[PRLP (Sint Maarten)|PRLP]] |
|||
|64 |
|||
|0.62 |
|||
|0 |
|||
|New |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |[[National Democratic Party (Sint Maarten)|St. Maarten Liberation Movement]] |
|||
|7 |
|||
|0.07 |
|||
|0 |
|||
|New |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |Invalid/blank votes |
|||
| |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |'''Total''' |
|||
|'''10,292''' |
|||
|'''100''' |
|||
|'''11''' |
|||
|'''0''' |
|||
|- |
|||
| align="left" |Registered voters/turnout |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|– |
|||
|– |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="5" align="left" |Source: CaribTourism.net,<ref>{{Cite web|title=History of Sint Maarten|url=http://caribtourism.net/sint-maarten/history/1355.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812203809/http://caribtourism.net/sint-maarten/history/1355.html|archive-date=12 August 2014|access-date=4 March 2021|website=CaribTourism.net}}</ref> Lynch & Lynch<ref name="Lynch3">{{cite book|last1=Lynch|first1=Edgar H.|title=Know Your Political History|last2=Lynch|first2=Julian C.|date=1999|publisher=House of Nehesi Publ.|isbn=0913441325|edition=Rev.|location=Philipsburg, St. Martin|pages=191-193}}</ref> |
|||
|} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Line 320: | Line 95: | ||
}} |
}} |
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[[Category:1999 elections in the Caribbean]] |
[[Category:1999 elections in the Caribbean|Netherlands]] |
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[[Category:1999 in the Netherlands Antilles]] |
[[Category:1999 in the Netherlands Antilles]] |
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[[Category:1999 in Sint Maarten]] |
[[Category:1999 in Sint Maarten]] |
Revision as of 21:06, 3 November 2021
| ||
All 51 seats in the island councils of Bonaire (9), Curaçao (21), Saba (5), Sint Eustatius (5) and Sint Maarten (11) | ||
---|---|---|
|
Island council elections were held in the Netherlands Antilles on 7 May (Curaçao, Saba and Sint Eustatius) and 21 May 1999 (Sint Maarten) to elect the members of the island councils of its five island territories. The election was won by the Party for the Restructured Antilles (5 seats) in Curaçao, the Windward Islands People's Movement (4 seats) in Saba, the Sint Eustatius Alliance (3 seats) in Sint Eustatius, and the Democratic Party (7 seats) in Sint Maarten.[1]
Results
Bonaire
Party | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|
Bonaire Patriotic Union | 4 | +2 | |
Bonaire Democratic Party | 4 | –1 | |
Other parties | 1 | –1 | |
Total | 9 | 0 | |
Source: NU.nl,[2] Het Parool[3] |
Curaçao
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Party for the Restructured Antilles | 15,948 | 22.60 | 5 | –3 | |
National People's Party | 15,616 | 22.13 | 5 | +1 | |
Workers' Liberation Front | 12,631 | 17.90 | 4 | +2 | |
People's Crusade Labour Party | 11,938 | 16.92 | 4 | New | |
New Antilles Movement | 6,851 | 9.71 | 2 | –4 | |
Organisashon pa Restorashon di Un i Tur | 3,739 | 5.30 | 1 | New | |
Democratic Party | 2,931 | 4.15 | 0 | –1 | |
Nos Patria | 909 | 1.29 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 70,563 | 100.00 | 21 | 0 | |
Registered voters/turnout | 124,572 | – | |||
Source: Hoofdstembureau Curaçao,[4] NRC Handelsblad[5] |
Saba
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Windward Islands People's Movement | 400 | 70.67 | 4 | +2 | |
Saba Labour Party | 126 | 22.26 | 1 | New | |
Democratic Party of Saba | 40 | 7.07 | 0 | New | |
Total | 566 | 100.00 | 5 | 0 | |
Source: FindRecord.ru,[6] Lynch & Lynch[7] |
Sint Eustatius
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sint Eustatius Alliance | 541 | 49.50 | 3 | +1 | |
Democratic Party | 452 | 41.35 | 2 | –1 | |
St. Eustatius Action Movement | 100 | 9.15 | 0 | 0 | |
Total | 1,093 | 100.00 | 5 | 0 | |
Source: Lynch & Lynch[8] |
Sint Maarten
Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic Party | 5,601 | 54.42 | 7 | +2 | |
Sint Maarten Patriotic Alliance | 2,862 | 27.81 | 3 | –2 | |
National Progressive Party | 1,259 | 12.23 | 1 | New | |
Serious Alternative People's Party | 423 | 4.11 | 0 | –1 | |
Decision 1999 | 76 | 0.74 | 0 | New | |
PRLP | 64 | 0.62 | 0 | New | |
St. Maarten Liberation Movement | 7 | 0.07 | 0 | New | |
Total | 10,292 | 100.00 | 11 | 0 | |
Source: CaribTourism.net,[9] Lynch & Lynch[10] |
References
- ^ Vries, Guido de (10 May 1999). "Curaçao kiest voor een zachte hand". NRC Handelsblad. Archived from the original on 7 October 2014. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ "Omstreden arbeiderspartij wint verkiezingen Curaçao". NU.nl (in Dutch). 10 May 2003. Archived from the original on 3 March 2021. Retrieved 3 March 2021.
- ^ "Winst democraten eilandraad Bonaire". Het Parool (in Dutch). Delpher. 10 April 1995. p. 2. Retrieved 21 May 2021.
- ^ "Eerdere verkiezingen". Hoofdstembureau Curaçao (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 11 August 2014. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
- ^ Vries, Guido de (7 May 1999). "Curaçao naar de stembus: voor of tegen de premier". NRC Handelsblad (in Dutch). Retrieved 5 March 2021.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Saba". FindRecord.ru. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ Lynch, Edgar H.; Lynch, Julian C. (1999). Know Your Political History (Rev. ed.). Philipsburg, St. Martin: House of Nehesi Publ. p. 194. ISBN 0913441325.
- ^ Lynch, Edgar H.; Lynch, Julian C. (1999). Know Your Political History (Rev. ed.). Philipsburg, St. Martin: House of Nehesi Publ. p. 195. ISBN 0913441325.
- ^ "History of Sint Maarten". CaribTourism.net. Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ Lynch, Edgar H.; Lynch, Julian C. (1999). Know Your Political History (Rev. ed.). Philipsburg, St. Martin: House of Nehesi Publ. pp. 191–193. ISBN 0913441325.